Travels in the form of sound waves
There are 2 types of sound waves - transverse and longitudinal waves
Particles vibrate perpendicular to the wave
This is light
The vibration of the particles are parallel to the wave
Sound waves are longitudinal waves
These waves can go through solids, liquids, and gasses. It travels the fastest through solids, slower in liquids, or slowest in gasses. This is because solids are denser than liquids and liquids are denser than gasses
Sound travels in all directions. It bounces off of solids. When it hits your ears again, its called echo.
Sonar - used to detect depth of the seabed
Echolocation - usualy used for animals that use sounds to detect location.
Echolocation and sonar is VERY simmilar.
A wave is a traveling disturbance
Waves carry energy from place to place
Periodic waves are waves that repeat
Frequency is the number of waves per unit time | f=1/T
Audible Range: 20Hz---20,000Hz
Infrasonic waves: Sound waves with frequencies < 20Hz
---Rhinoceroses use infrasonic frequencies as low as 5Hz to call one another
Ultrasonic Waves: Sound waves with frequencies > 20,000Hz
---Bats use ultrasonic frequencies up to 100kHz for locating their food sources and navigating
Diffraction is the bending of a wave around an obstacle or the edges of an opening
Effect on frequency or pitch due to relative motion between the source of sound and the observer/listener